Starting Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) can be both exciting and intimidating. Here’s what to expect at your first class and some general mat etiquette to help you navigate the experience smoothly.

1. Warm-Up: Classes typically begin with a warm-up to get your body ready for training. This may include jogging, shrimping (a fundamental BJJ movement), stretching, and other exercises designed to prepare your body for the techniques you’ll be learning.

2. Learning Techniques: The instructor will demonstrate one or more techniques, often starting with a basic movement or position. You’ll then pair up with a partner to practice these techniques. Don’t worry if you don’t get it right away—BJJ takes time to learn, and everyone started as a beginner.

3. Drilling: After learning the techniques, you may do some drilling, which involves repeating the movements to help solidify them in your muscle memory. This can be done with resistance from your partner or in a cooperative manner, depending on the instructor’s direction.
4. Rolling (Sparring): Many classes end with “rolling,” which is BJJ’s term for sparring. As a beginner, you might not be expected to participate in rolling right away, but if you do, start slow and focus on applying the techniques you’ve learned rather than winning or dominating. Rolling is a way to test and refine your skills in a live setting.

5. Class Structure: Classes generally last about an hour to an hour and a half, and the structure may vary slightly depending on the gym and the instructor’s style. Some schools might have a more structured approach, while others might be more relaxed.

General Mat Etiquette

1. Hygiene: Personal hygiene is critical in BJJ. Make sure your gi (the traditional uniform) or no-gi attire is clean, and your nails are trimmed. BJJ is a close-contact sport, so it’s essential to keep yourself and your gear clean to prevent infections and maintain a pleasant training environment.

2. Respect the Instructor and Fellow Students: Always show respect to your instructor and training partners. Address your instructor as “Professor,” “Coach,” or whatever title is customary at your gym. Bowing when entering and leaving the mat is also a common practice in many BJJ schools.

3. Mat Awareness: Be aware of your surroundings when training. If you’re rolling or drilling and getting close to other pairs, adjust your position to avoid collisions. This awareness helps keep everyone safe.

4. Tap Early, Tap Often: If you find yourself caught in a submission during rolling, tap out by tapping your hand on your opponent or the mat. Tapping is a way to signal that you’ve been caught, and it prevents injury. There’s no shame in tapping, especially when you’re new—it’s part of the learning process.

5. No Shoes on the Mat: Shoes are never worn on the mats. Before stepping onto the mat, remove your shoes to keep the training area clean. If you need to leave the mat, put your shoes on before walking off.

6. Ask Questions, But at the Right Time: Don’t be afraid to ask questions if you don’t understand something, but be mindful of the class flow. It’s usually best to ask questions when the instructor invites them, or during drilling time.

7. Be Humble and Open-Minded: BJJ is a humbling journey. You’ll likely find that people of different sizes, ages, and skill levels can teach you something. Approach each class with an open mind and a willingness to learn from everyone.

8. Stay Calm and Breathe: It’s easy to get overwhelmed during your first few classes. Try to stay calm, focus on your breathing, and take things one step at a time.

Starting BJJ is a challenging but incredibly rewarding experience. By following these guidelines and approaching your training with respect and humility, you’ll set yourself up for success on the mats.